嵌入式系统词汇表(14)

Scheduler（调度程序）
The part of anoperating system that decides which task to run next. This decision isbased on the readiness of each task, their relative priorities, and thespecific scheduling algorithm implemented.
操作系统中决定下一次哪个任务运行的那部分。决定基于每一个任务的就绪，它们的优先级关系，和特殊调度算法的实现。
Semaphore（信号灯）
A data structure that is used for intertask synchronization. Semaphores are usually provided by the operating system.
用于进程间同步的数据结构。信号灯常常由操作系统提供。
Simulator（仿真器）
A debugging toolthat runs on the host and pretends to be the target processor. Asimulator can be used to test pieces of the software before theembedded hardware is available. Unfortunately, attempts to simulateinteractions with complex peripherals are often more trouble than theyare worth.
一种运行在主机上，装作目标机处理器的调试工具。仿真器一般用来测试嵌入式硬件可用之前的软件。不幸地，与模拟与复杂地外设进行交互的尝试常常比它们做到的更差。
software interrupt（软件中断）
Aninterruption of a program that is initiated by a software instruction.Software interrupts are commonly used to implement breakpoints andoperating system entry points. Unlike true interrupts, they occursynchronously with respect to program execution. In other words,software interrupts always occur at the beginning of an instructionexecution cycle.　
由软件指令发起的的一个程序的中断。软件中断被用来实现中断点他操作系统进入点。不象真实的中断，那些中断在不防碍程序执行时同步发生。换句话说，软件中断常常在指令运行周期的开始发生。
Stack（堆栈）
An area of memory thatcontains a last-in-first-out queue of storage for parameters, automaticvariables, return addresses, and other information that must bemaintained across function calls. In multitasking situations, each taskgenerally has its own stack.
一个包含后进先出队列的内存区域，用来存储参数、自动变量、返回地址和其他一些必须在函数调用中进行维护的信息。在多任务情况下，每一个任务一般都有自己的堆栈区。
stack frame（堆栈帧）
An area of the stack associated with a particular function call.
一个关联特殊函数调用的堆栈区域。
startup code（启动代码）
A piece ofassembly language code that prepares the way for software written in ahigh-level language. Most C/C++ cross-compilers come with startup codethat you can modify, compile, and link with your embedded programs.
一个汇编语言代码，它为高级语言写的软件准备好运行的前期工作。大多数C/C++交叉编译器在你可以修改、编译他连接你的嵌入式程序时与启动代码一起来到。
T
Target（目标机）
Another name forthe embedded system. This term is usually used during softwaredevelopment, to distinguish the embedded system from the host withwhich it communicates.
嵌入式系统的另一个名字。这个术语常常在软件开发期间使用，用来区别与嵌入式系统通讯的主机。

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