$mdb->readLob($blob, $data, 0);
It is important to note that you may not mix this method of fetching with the bulk fetching methods like MDB::fetchAll() as this will cause problems in most PHP database extensions. At some point MDB may be able to retrieve LOB's using the bulk fetching methods.
注意你不要把这个获取函数和 bulk 获取函数像 MDB::fetchAll()搞混了，因为这将在大部分 PHP 数据库扩展中导致问题。在一些时候，MDB 可能能够使用 bulk 获取函数获得 LOB。
As we have seen in this section MDB features its own set of native data types that are automatically mapped to native data types in the database. This ensures that no matter what data we send or retrieve from the database it will always be in the same format no matter what RDBMS is used. As I have mentioned in the opening paragraph of this section this obviously requires that the data types used in the database are what MDB expects. This requirement was made to ensure that the mapping is done with a minimal performance loss. The next section will teach us how MDB assists with using the correct data types in the database.
如我们在这节所见，MDB 特性本身的原生数据类型集自动映射于数据库中的原生数据类型。这保证了无论我们发送和从数据库接收什么样的数据，它都能与使用的 RDBMS 无关的使用相同的格式。如我在本节开篇已经提到的，这明显需要数据库使用的数据类型是 MDB 预期的。这种需要被用于确保映射所耗费的代价很小。下一节将教给我们 MDB 如何辅助在数据库中使用正确的数据类型。
Making use of XML schema files
使用 XML schema 文件
With the features described in the last paragraph you can write truly database independent applications. But MDB tries to go one step further: It allows you to define your schemas in XML. A manager converts this schema into the necessary SQL statements for each RDBMS. This means that you can use the same schema for any of the supported RDBMS. The examples for this section can be found in the xml_schema directory.
利用在上个段落中描述的特性，你能编写真正的数据库独立的程序。但是 MDB 尝试向前更加迈出一步：它允许你用 XML 定义你的 schema。一个管理器把这种 schema 转换为给每种 RDBMS 的必要的 SQL 语句。这意味着你能对所有支持的 RDBMS 使用相同的 schema。本节的例子能够在 xml_schema 目录中找到。
We will now write an XML schema file from scratch. First we must define an XML document. The database definition is contained within a database tag. The name of the database is defined using the name tag. The create tag tells the manager if the database should be created if it does not yet exist. If you split up your schema into several files you will only need to set create to 1 in the file you will submit first to the manager.
我们现在将从头编写一个 XML schema 文件。首先，我们必须定义一个 XML 文档。数据库定义是包含在一个 database 标签之中的。数据库的名字是使用 name 标签定义的。create 标签告诉管理器数据库是否需要在它不存在的时候被创建。如果你把你的 schema 文件分割成好几个文件你你首先提交给管理器的那个文件中把 create 设置为 1。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
<database>
<name>auth</name>
<create>1</create>
</database>
As you may have guessed from the database name auth the purpose of this database is to store user data for a simple authentication application. Listing 2 defines a table in which we can store the user data.
可能你已经从数据库名 auth 猜出了这个数据库的目的是用于储存简单的验证程序的用户数据。Listing 2 定义了在其中我们能储存用户数据的表。
Listing 2
<table>
<name>users</name>
<declaration>
<field>
<name>user_id</name>
<type>integer</type>
<notnull>1</notnull>
<unsigned>1</unsigned>
<default>0</default>
</field>
<field>
<name>handle</name>
<type>text</type>
<length>20</length>
<notnull>1</notnull>
<default></default>
</field>
<field>
<name>is_active</name>
<type>boolean</type>
<notnull>1</notnull>
<default>N</default>
</field>
</declaration>
</table>
As you can see, things can get a bit lengthy here as to be expected when using XML. No need to worry: We are working on a browser based tool called MDB_frontend that will make this process much easier. I will talk about this project further down into this article a bit more. Hopefully, the advantage of this pretty verbose representation of the table is that things are somewhat self explanatory. The table in the last example is called users and we have defined 3 fields: user_id of type integer, handle of type text and is_active of type boolean. Remember that MDB handles the type abstraction for you if you pass it the necessary metadata as shown in the previous section. You also need not to worry about what MDB maps these types to in your RDBMS. The other tags you can use in each of the field declarations are optional: length, notnull, unsigned and default.
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